What Is an IUD (Intrauterine Device)?

IUD is a small T shaped piece of plastic that is inserted into the uterine cavity for the purpose of preventing pregnancy. It provides a highly effective, cost-efficient, long acting and reversible contraceptive (LARC) option for women of all ages, with less than a 1% failure rate.

Types of IUDs available in Australia

Hormone releasing (Levonorgestrel) – can be left for 5 years

• Mirena IUD

• Kyleena (comparatively smaller in size and releases a lesser concentration of hormones)

Non-Hormonal)– Can be left for 10 years

• Copper-bearing Intrauterine device (Cu-IUD)

What Is Mirena?

IUDs are among the most effective forms of contraceptive method available, with less than a 1% failure rate. And Mirena is a type of IUD or intrauterine device. It is a small, T-shaped piece of plastic inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. It releases a hormone called levonorgestrel, which thickens the cervical mucus and makes it difficult for sperm to reach the egg.

How Does Mirena IUD Contraception Work?

Mirena also causes the uterine lining to be thin, making it less likely for a fertilized egg to implant. It is over 99% effective in preventing pregnancy, and it can remain in place for up to five years. Mirena is also be used to treat heavy menstrual bleeding.

What are the advantages of Mirena Insertion?

Mirena insertion offers effective, long-term contraception. It can be used in premenopausal women of all ages, including teenagers. Among various benefits, Mirena IUD:

·         Eliminates the need to interrupt sex for contraception

·         Doesn’t require partner participation

·         Can remain in place for up to five years

·         Can be removed at any time, followed by a quick return to your normal fertility

·         Decreases severe menstrual pain and pain related to the abnormal growth of uterine-lining tissue outside the uterus (endometriosis)

·         Less effect on the ovarian function – most women continue to ovulate

·         The hormone concentration of Mirena iud is a quarter of that of progesterone only pills (Mini pill), therefore reducing side-effects

·         Good choice for women on anti-epileptic drugs

·         Provides progestogenic protection of the uterine lining during estrogen replacement therapy in peri/post-menopausal women

How long does it take to insert an IUD?

A trained healthcare professional can insert Mirena, in as little as five minutes. It is a quick and easy process. It is essential however to follow the instructions provided by your doctor. The healthcare professional will insert Mirena into place through the vaginal canal and cervix into the uterus.

Mirena and other IUDs may cause cramping during insertion, but this usually subsides quickly. You should not have intercourse or use tampons at least for 3 days after insertion. Most women feel fine shortly after the procedure. However, some may experience light bleeding or spotting in the first few weeks after insertion. Contact your doctor if you experience any unusual symptoms after getting an IUD.

Is the Mirena IUD procedure painful? 

Some women might experience a discomfort related to the Mirena insertion. However, the pain can vary from person to person. Some people may only experience a mild cramping sensation, while others may feel more cramping. The pain usually lasts for a few minutes, but it can last for up to an hour in some cases. Women who have had children before may find the experience less painful than those without previous childbirth experiences. 

One of the easiest ways of managing the pain and discomfort of Mirena insertion is by taking an over-the-counter pain reliever like ibuprofen before the appointment. You can also ask your doctor to numb the area with a local anesthetic. If you’re anxious about the insertion, they may prescribe a sedative as well. Your doctor will give you instructions on how to take care of yourself after the IUD insertion. It’s important to follow them closely since there is a small risk of infection after the procedure.

After the Mirena contraception insertion is complete, you may experience some cramping and spotting. These symptoms should go away within a few days. If they don’t, contact your doctor if you experience any other problems.

How do I know which IUD is best for me?

If you’re considering getting an IUD, one of the first things you need to do is figure out which type is best for you. Mirena and Copper bearing IUD are the two most common types of IUDs available, and each has its own set of benefits and drawbacks. 

Here’s a comparison between Mirena and Copper IUD:

Mirena (effective up to 5 years): Mirena contraceptive is a hormonal IUD that releases levonorgestrel, a progestin hormone, into the uterus. It is effective for up to five years, and it can reduce menstrual cramps and heavy periods.

Copper bearing IUD (effective up to 10 years)- Impedes sperm transportation, blocks fertilization, copper is toxic to sperm and ova, blocks implantation. Copper T 380 has the lowest failure rate (0.8 per 100-woman years). Cu-IUD contraindicated in Wilson’s disease. It can be used in patients with current breast cancer. May cause heavier periods and cramps in some women.

So, which IUD is right for you? If you want a long-term non – hormonal contraception option, go with copper bearing IUD. If you want a hormonal IUD that can reduce menstrual symptoms, go with Mirena.

Side Effects of Mirena contraceptive

Overall, Mirena IUD is a safe and effective way to help prevent pregnancy. However, it’s essential to be aware of the potential side effects These include:

·         Cramps: Some women may have menstrual cramps during the first few months of Mirena’s use.

·         Mood changes: Mirena may cause a change in mood, such as feeling sad or depressed.

·         Acne: Mirena IUD may cause acne in some women.

·         Headaches: Mirena may cause headaches in some women.

·         Breast tenderness: Mirena may cause breast tenderness in some women.

·         Weight gain: Mirena may cause a small weight gain in some women.

·         Irregular menstrual bleeding: Mirena may cause changes in menstrual bleeding, such as lighter or heavier periods than usual (usually in the first 3-6 months following insertion)

·         Pelvic pain: Mirena may cause pelvic pain in some women.

·         Mirena insertion may also increase the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease, especially if you have recent partner change / multiple partners. high risk sexual contacts.

·         Mirena may also cause serious side effects like perforation of the uterus (1 in 1000 insertions) and expulsion.

Most side effects usually go away after a few months, but if they persist or become bothersome, be sure to speak with your doctor.

If you would like to have a confidential discussion, please feel free to book an appointment with Dr Fazmina Idroos at the Cranbourne Medical & Skin Clinic.